Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome – NAVLE Study Guide
Overview and Clinical Importance
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating viral diseases affecting the global swine industry, costing the United States swine industry approximately $664 million annually. First recognized in the USA in 1987, PRRS has become endemic in most swine-producing countries worldwide.
The disease is characterized by two distinct clinical presentations: reproductive failure in breeding animals (late-term abortions, stillbirths, mummified fetuses, weak-born piglets) and respiratory disease in pigs of all ages, particularly young growing pigs.
Etiology
PRRS is caused by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), a small, enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus classified in the family Arteriviridae, genus Betaarterivirus.
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