Feline Hyperaldosteronism Study Guide
Overview and Clinical Importance
Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA), also known as Conn's syndrome, is the most common adrenocortical disorder in cats. This condition results from autonomous hypersecretion of aldosterone, independent of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Despite being relatively common, hyperaldosteronism is significantly underdiagnosed in feline practice because its clinical signs overlap with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
The classic triad of feline hyperaldosteronism includes hypokalemia, systemic arterial hypertension, and elevated plasma aldosterone concentration. Understanding this condition is essential for NAVLE success, as questions frequently test the ability to differentiate primary hyperaldosteronism from secondary causes associated with CKD.
Anatomy and Physiology of Aldosterone
Adrenal Gland Anatomy
The feline adrenal glands are paired retroperitoneal organs located craniomedial to the kidneys. Unlike dogs, feline adrenal glands have a similar bilobed or bean-shaped appearance on both sides. The adrenal cortex consists of three zones:
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