NAVLE Rabbits

Rabbit Moist Dermatitis Study Guide

Moist dermatitis (also known as wet dewlap, slobbers, or chin scald) is a common bacterial skin condition in rabbits caused by chronic exposure of skin to moisture.

Overview and Clinical Importance

Moist dermatitis (also known as wet dewlap, slobbers, or chin scald) is a common bacterial skin condition in rabbits caused by chronic exposure of skin to moisture. This condition most frequently affects the dewlap, chin, and ventral neck region but can also occur perianally with urine scald. Understanding moist dermatitis is essential for the NAVLE as it represents a multisystem disorder involving dermatology, dentistry, husbandry, and infectious disease principles.

Organism Characteristics Clinical Significance
Staphylococcus aureus Most common pathogen; Gram-positive cocci Causes acute cellulitis with painful edematous swelling, fever, anorexia
Pasteurella multocida Common commensal organism; Gram-negative rod Frequently isolated from chin/dewlap infections; can progress to abscess
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Opportunistic; produces blue-green pigments (pyoverdin, pyocyanin) "Blue fur disease" - characteristic blue-green discoloration; associated with contaminated water sources
Fusobacterium necrophorum Anaerobic; found in rabbit feces Causes necrobacillosis (Schmorl's disease) with necrosis, ulceration, abscessation

Pathophysiology

Moist dermatitis develops when rabbit skin is chronically exposed to moisture, leading to maceration of the skin and disruption of the normal protective barrier. The pathophysiologic sequence involves:

  • Chronic moisture exposure causes skin softening and breakdown
  • Compromised skin barrier allows bacterial colonization
  • Bacterial proliferation leads to inflammation and infection
  • Progressive tissue damage results in ulceration
  • Severe cases may progress to cellulitis or abscess formation

Common Bacterial Pathogens

The most frequently isolated bacteria include:

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