Equine Uterine Torsion Study Guide

Overview and Clinical Importance

Uterine torsion is a rotation of the pregnant uterus along its longitudinal (cranio-caudal) axis, representing one of the most significant obstetric emergencies in equine practice. It accounts for 5-10% of all equine obstetric emergencies and requires immediate recognition and intervention to optimize mare and foal survival. Unlike cattle, equine uterine torsion typically occurs

cranial to the cervix, making vaginal examination often unrewarding for diagnosis. The condition most commonly presents during mid to late gestation (7-11 months), with clinical signs that may be easily mistaken for gastrointestinal colic or impending parturition.

Understanding the pathophysiology, diagnostic approach, and treatment options for uterine torsion is essential for the NAVLE, as this condition tests the candidate's knowledge of equine reproductive anatomy, obstetric emergencies, and surgical decision-making.