Canine Infertility Study Guide

Overview and Clinical Importance

Canine infertility is defined as the inability to conceive and deliver viable puppies despite proper breeding management. This is a frequently tested topic on the NAVLE, requiring understanding of both female (bitch) and male (stud dog) reproductive physiology, proper breeding timing, and common causes of reproductive failure. The most critical concept: improper breeding management is the most common cause of apparent infertility in dogs.

Infertility evaluation requires a systematic approach, categorizing patients as either cyclic (regular estrous cycles) or acyclic (absent/irregular cycles), then investigating specific causes. This guide covers diagnostic approaches, etiologies, and treatments for both sexes.

Canine Estrous Cycle Review

The bitch is monoestrous and non-seasonal in most breeds, with an average interestrous interval of 5-8 months.