Avian Splay Leg Study Guide

Overview and Clinical Importance

Splay leg (also known as spraddle leg or splayed legs) is a common developmental musculoskeletal abnormality affecting young birds, characterized by one or both legs extending laterally from the body rather than being positioned properly underneath. This condition affects multiple avian species including poultry (chickens, turkeys, ducks), psittacines (parrots, cockatiels), passerines, and other pet and production birds. Early recognition and intervention are critical for successful treatment outcomes.

The condition results from abnormal lateral forces on growing bones and joints, causing distortion of the femur, tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus, and associated soft tissue structures. Without treatment, affected birds cannot stand, walk, or access food and water, leading to starvation, dehydration, and death. However, with prompt intervention, prognosis is generally favorable in young birds.

Relevant Anatomy

Avian Pelvic Limb Anatomy

Understanding avian leg anatomy is essential for diagnosing and treating splay leg. The avian pelvic limb differs significantly from mammalian anatomy due to fusion of several bones.